भारत में पर्यटन

आंध्र प्रदेश / Aandhra Pradesh

आंध्र प्रदेश में समृद्ध सांस्कृतिक विरासत और विविध पर्यटक आकर्षण मौजूद हैं। आंध्र प्रदेश राज्य में प्राकृतिक पहाड़, जंगल, समुद्र तट और मंदिर शामिल हैं। निज़ाम का शहर और मोतियों का शहर नाम से भी विख्यात हैदराबाद, आज देश के सबसे विकसित शहरों में एक और सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी, ITES और जैव प्रौद्योगिकी का आधुनिक केंद्र है। उत्तर और दक्षिण भारत के मिलन बिंदु के रूप में अपने अनन्य स्वरूप का प्रतिनिधित्व करते हुए हैदराबाद, अपने समृद्ध इतिहास, संस्कृति और वास्तुकला तथा भौगोलिक और सांस्कृतिक दोनों तौर पर बहुभाषी संस्कृति के लिए जाना जाता है।

आंध्र प्रदेश कई धार्मिक तीर्थ केंद्रों का घर है। तिरुपति, भगवान वेंकटेश्वर का निवास, दुनिया में सबसे समृद्ध और सबसे अधिक दर्शनीय धार्मिक केंद्र (किसी भी आस्था का) है। श्रीशैलम, श्री मल्लिकार्जुन का निवास, भारत के बारह ज्योतिर्लिंगों में से एक है, अमरावती का शिव मंदिर पंचाराममों में से एक, तथा यादगिरिगुट्टा, विष्णु के अवतार श्री लक्ष्मी नरसिंह का निवास स्थान है। वारंगल में रामप्पा मंदिर और हज़ार स्तंभों का मंदिर, कतिपय बारीक़ मंदिर नक्काशियों के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं। राज्य में अमरावती, नागार्जुन कोंडा, भट्टीप्रोलु, घंटशाला, नेलकोंडपल्ली, धूलिकट्टा, बाविकोंडा, तोट्लकोंडा, शालिगुंडेम, पावुरालकोंडा, शंकरम, फणिगिरि और कोलनपाका में कई बौद्ध केंद्र हैं।

विशाखापट्नम में गोल्डन बीच, बोर्रा में एक लाख वर्ष पुराने चूना-पत्थर की गुफाएं, सुरम्य अरकु घाटी, हार्सले पहाड़ियों के हिल-रिसॉर्ट, पापी कोंडलु के संकरे रास्ते से गोदावरी नदी में नौका-दौड़, इट्टिपोतला, कुंतला के झरने और तालकोना में समृद्ध जैव-विविधता, इस राज्य के कुछ प्राकृतिक आकर्षणों में शामिल हैं। विशाखापट्नम कई पर्यटन आकर्षणों का केंद्र है, जैसे कि INS कारासुरा पनडुब्बी संग्रहालय (भारत में अपनी तरह का एकमात्र), याराडा समुद्री तट, अरकु घाटी, VUDA पार्क, इंदिरागांधी चिड़ियाघर. आंध्र प्रदेश की जलवायु ज्यादातर उष्णकटिबंधीय है और नवंबर से जनवरी के बीच का समय यात्रा के लिए सबसे अच्छा है। मानसून का मौसम जून में शुरू और सितंबर में समाप्त होता है, अतः इस अवधि के दौरान यात्रा उचित नहीं होगी.

A study in 2014 published by The Economic Times said that undivided Andhra Pradesh had emerged as the "most-preferred" tourist destination for domestic travellers with about 20 per cent share in the total domestic tourist visits across India in 2012. Andhra Pradesh crossed mark of 200 million tourists in 2012 from 110 million tourists in 2006. The state of Andhra Pradesh comprises like scenic hills, forests, beaches and temples.

Andhra Pradesh is the home of many religious pilgrim centres:

Tirupati, the abode of Lord Venkateswara, is the second richest and most visited religious centre (of any faith) in the world.
Srisailam, the abode of Sri Mallikarjuna, is one of twelve Jyothiralingas in India. Amaravathi's Siva temple is one of the Pancharamams, Vemulavada temple, one of the old abodes of Lord Shiva, reputed as Dakshina Kashi – Benaras of South India.
Kanaka Durga Temple of goddess Durga is situated on the Indrakeeladri Hill in the city of Vijayawada on the banks of Krishna River. A large number of pilgrims attend the colourful celebrations of Tepotsavam and for holy dip in the Krishna river during the festival of Dusshera.
Mallikarjuna Swamy temple situated at Srisailam in the Nallamala Hills of Kurnool district,[30] is the abode of lord Mallikarjuna Shiva and is one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines in India. Lord Rama himself installed the Sahasralinga, while the Pandavas lodged the Panchapandava lingas in the temple courtyard. The Vijayanagara Empire built number of monuments, including the Srisailam and Lepakshi temples.
The five ancient Hindu temples of Lord Shiva, known as Pancharama Kshetras, are located at – Amararama, Draksharama, Somarama, Ksheerarama and Kumararama. Other religious places include, Srikalahasti temple in Chittoor district, Raghavendra Swami Mutt in Mantralayam of Kurnool district, Lord Venkateswara temple in Dwaraka Tirumala of West Godavari District, Annavaram temple in East Godavari and Arasavalli Surya temple in Srikakulam District etc., are also religious places for divine worships in the state.

Famous Buddhist centres:

Amaravathi – Guntur District
Nagarjuna Konda – Guntur District
Bhattiprolu – Guntur District
Ghantasala – Krishna District
Sankaram – Visakhapatnam District
Bavikonda – Visakhapatnam District
Thotlakonda – Visakhapatnam District
Ramatheertham – Vizianagaram District
Salihundam – Srikakulam District
Lingapalem – West Godavari District

Pilgrim centres and temples:

Sri Venkateswara Swami Temple – The abode of Lord Venkateswara, is the richest and most visited religious centre (of any faith) in the world situated in Tirupathi City
Kanaka Durga Temple – One of the Shakti Peetam's situated in Vijayawada City
Sri Mallikaruna Temple – One of the Jyothirlingam's situated in Srisailam Town
Sri Kalashastiswara Temple – Situated at Srikalahasti Town
Srikurmam – Temple of Lord Vishnu in Kurma Avataram also near Srikakulam on the Shore of Bay of Bengal

Attractions:

Araku Valley – Known as Andhra Ooty near to Vizag City
Borra Caves – caves formed 1 million years ago situated near to Vizag City; belongs to Odisha
Thimmamma Marrimanu – The world's largest banyan tree, and "Marrimanu" was recorded as the biggest tree in the Guinness Book of World Records in 1989. Its branches spread over nearly 5 acres (2.1 ha). Located about 35 km from Kadiri, and 100 km from Anantapur.
Lepakshi – this is the largest monolithic Nandi (a bull, the mount of Shiva) in the world, (length 27 feet, height 15 feet), It is 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Hindupur, and 105 km from Anantapur, and about 120 km (75 mi) north of Bangalore.
Prakasam Barrage – A famous bridge which was constructed by the British Government in the remembrance of Tanguturi Prakasam, is the best tourist spot to visit in Vijayawada
Kolleru Lake – A famous lake situated between Krishna and West Godavari District.
Pulicat Lake is located at the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, Pulicat Lake covers an area of 500 km2. It is a brackish water lagoon, the second largest in India, and is situated along the coast of Bay of Bengal. The lake encompasses the Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary attracts many migratory birds and also is a feeding and nesting ground for aquatic and terrestrial birds such as flamigoes, pelicans etc.
The Borra Caves in the Anatagiri Hills of the Eastern Ghats, near Visakhapatnam at an altitude of about 800 to 1300 metres are famous for million-year-old stalactite and stalagmite formations. They were discovered by British geologist William King George in 1807. The caves got the name from a formation inside the caves that looks like the human brain, which in Telugu language is known as burra.
The Belum Caves in Kurnool District have a length of 3,229 metres (10,594 ft), making them the second largest natural caves on the Indian subcontinent. The Belum Caves derive their name from Bilum, the Sanskrit word for caves. The caves have long passages, spacious chambers, freshwater galleries, and siphons. The caves deepest point is 120 feet (37 m) from the entrance and is known as Patalganaga.

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